Question 1

The order of reactions in fatty acid biosynthesis is

Accepted Answer

A)   malonyl transferase, beta-ketoacyl synthase, beta-ketoacyl-ACP reductase, enoyl-ACP reductase, enoyl-ACP hydratase.
B)   enoyl-ACP hydratase, beta-ketoacyl synthase, beta-ketoacyl reductase, enoyl-ACP hydratase, enoyl-ACP reductase.
C)   malonyl transferase, beta-ketoacyl reductase, beta-ketoacyl synthase, enoyl-ACP hydratase, enoyl-ACP reductase.
D)   malonyl transferase, beta-ketoacyl synthase, beta-ketoacyl reductase, enoyl-ACP hydratase, enoyl-ACP reductase.
E)   malonyl transferase, enoyl-ACP reductase, beta-ketoacyl synthase, enoyl-ACP hydratase, beta-ketoacyl reductase.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

The major site of the formation and release of acetoacetate is

Accepted Answer

A)   adipose tissue.
B)   brain.
C)   liver.
D)   muscle.
E)   small intestine.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Among the differences between fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid oxidation is the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)   synthesis occurs in the mitochondria and oxidation in cytosol.
B)   synthesis uses NADH and oxidation uses FAD.
C)   synthesis is accelerated and oxidation depressed in diabetes.
D)   malonyl-CoA is an intermediate in oxidation, but not in synthesis.
E)   the acyl groups form different thioesters in synthesis and oxidation.F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Triglycerides

Accepted Answer

A)   represent the main component of storage lipids.
B)   are composed of three fatty acids in ester linkage to a glycerol molecule.
C)   are the most abundant members of the acyl glycerols, or neutral fats.
D)   All of the other answers are correct.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Propionyl carboxylase is an enzyme required for the oxidation of

Accepted Answer

A)   unsaturated fatty acids
B)   saturated fatty acids
C)   fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms
D)   malonyl-CoA
E)   methyl malonyl-CoAF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

Citrate regulates fatty acid metabolism by

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibiting delta9-desaturase.
B)   inhibiting acyl-CoA synthetase.
C)   inhibiting carnitine acyltransferase.
D)   stimulating acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
E)   stimulating fatty acid synthase.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

ATP is required for fatty acid oxidation for the reaction catalyzed by

Accepted Answer

A)   acyl-CoA dehydrogenase.
B)   acyl-CoA synthetase.
C)   thiolytic cleavage.
D)   carnitine acyltransferase.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Metabolic cleavage of acetoacetyl-CoA to two molecules of acetyl-CoA is catalyzed by a

Accepted Answer

A)   dehydrogenase.
B)   hydratase.
C)   synthetase.
D)   thiolase.
E)   racemase.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 9

In man the synthesis of fatty acids from glucose proceeds primarily in the

Accepted Answer

A)   adipose tissue.
B)   intestines.
C)   kidney.
D)   liver.
E)   skeletal musclesF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

The fatty acid synthase complex contains all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   a reductase.
B)   a dehydratase.
C)   a carboxylase.
D)   a condensing enzyme.
E)   a transacylase.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

The oxidation and degradation of fatty acids in the cell

Accepted Answer

A)   begins with the fatty acid thioester of CoA.
B)   does not produce useful energy for the cell.
C)   is inhibited by carnitine.
D)   occurs primarily in the nucleus.
E)   proceeds through successive shortening of the fatty acids by three-carbon units.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

All of the following are directly involved in the conversion of fatty acids and glycerol to triglycerides EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   ATP.
B)   A specific phosphatase.
C)   NAD.
D)   Phosphatidic acid.
E)   Acyl-CoA's.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is primarily located in the

Accepted Answer

A)   endoplasmic reticulum.
B)   cytosol.
C)   mitochondria.
D)   plasma membrane.
E)   lysosomes.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

The correct structure for palmitic acid is

Accepted Answer

A)   CH3(CH2) 12 COOH
B)   CH3(CH2) 14 COOH
C)   CH3(CH2) 16 COOH
D)   CH3(CH2) 18 COOH
E)   None of the other answers is correct.F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 15

The mitochondrial system of chain elongation for fatty acids

Accepted Answer

A)   adds two carbons at a time to the methyl end of a fatty acid.
B)   utilizes NAD.
C)   utilizes acetyl-CoA.
D)   requires acyl carrier protein.
E)   requires malonyl-CoA.F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 16

All of the following are involved in processes related to fatty acid synthesis EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)   biotin
B)   ATP
C)   NADH
D)   Pantothenate
E)   Carbon DioxideF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Regarding triacylglycerol (TG)  breakdown/hydrolysis, which one of the statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pancreatic lipase hydrolyzes TG in the intestinal lumen to 2?monoacylglycerols plus two fatty acids and its activity is enhanced by colipase.
B)   There is a hormone sensitive lipase in adipocytes whose function is fatty acid mobilization.
C)   Fatty acid mobilization via this enzyme can be altered as the diet is changed.
D)   Glucagon stimulates this hormone sensitive lipase by inhibiting adenylate cyclase and lowering cAMP allowing the enzyme to become dephosphorylated which, is its active form.
E)   Of the fatty acids eventually released from total hydrolysis of TG in the adipocyte, some enter the blood as free fatty acids where they bind albumin and are carried to other tissues such as muscle.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Plasma triglycerides can be hydrolyzed to fatty acids by the enzyme

Accepted Answer

A)   lipoprotein lipase.
B)   triglyceride lipase.
C)   heparin.
D)   pancreatic lipase.
E)   adenylate cyclase.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following compounds will generate, upon oxidation, the highest yield of ATP on a mole per mole basis?

Accepted Answer

A)   myristate (14:0) 
B)   myristoyl-CoA
C)   1,2-dimyristoylphosphatidylserine
D)   1,2,3-trimyristoylglycerol
E)   cholesteryl myristateF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 20

The β-oxidation of a 16 carbon fatty acyl CoA to 8 acetyl CoAs would generate:

Accepted Answer

A)   7 FADH2 and 7 NADH
B)   8 FADH2 and 8 NADH
C)   14 NADPH
D)   16 NADPH
E)   7 NADPHF) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Exam 17: Lipid Metabolism I: Synthesis, Storage, and Utilization of Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerols

In man the synthesis of fatty acids from glucose proceeds primarily in the

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The β-oxidation of a 16 carbon fatty acyl CoA to 8 acetyl CoAs would generate:

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The order of reactions in fatty acid biosynthesis is

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Metabolic cleavage of acetoacetyl-CoA to two molecules of acetyl-CoA is catalyzed by a

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All of the following are directly involved in the conversion of fatty acids and glycerol to triglycerides EXCEPT

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The major site of the formation and release of acetoacetate is

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The mitochondrial system of chain elongation for fatty acids

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Citrate regulates fatty acid metabolism by

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Propionyl carboxylase is an enzyme required for the oxidation of

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Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is primarily located in the

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Plasma triglycerides can be hydrolyzed to fatty acids by the enzyme

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The fatty acid synthase complex contains all the following EXCEPT

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Triglycerides

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Among the differences between fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid oxidation is the fact that

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The correct structure for palmitic acid is

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All of the following are involved in processes related to fatty acid synthesis EXCEPT which one?

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The oxidation and degradation of fatty acids in the cell

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Which of the following compounds will generate, upon oxidation, the highest yield of ATP on a mole per mole basis?

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Regarding triacylglycerol (TG) breakdown/hydrolysis, which one of the statements is false?

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ATP is required for fatty acid oxidation for the reaction catalyzed by

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