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An example of stage-three sensorimotor behavior is _____.


A) thumb sucking and self-soothing
B) looking for a smile and smiling back
C) searching for a teddy bear hidden under a blanket
D) trying to dress like Mommy or Daddy

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The first two-word sentence appears between 18 and 24 months of age.

A) True
B) False

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Infants can recognize that some situations _____ different opportunities than other situations do.

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Which theorist said that children learn language as a result of reinforcements given by parents and caregivers?


A) Vygotsky
B) Chomsky
C) Skinner
D) Erikson

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Britta has begun repeating syllables such as "da-da-da-da" and "me-me-me-me-me." Britta is in the _____ stage of language development.


A) cooing
B) holophrasing
C) gurgling
D) babbling

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Between 18 and 24 months, when toddlers begin to put words together, they reveal their understanding of _____ rules.


A) social
B) intentional
C) grammar
D) interaction

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Geraldo loves to climb, and there are many opportunities for him to do so around his home: on the bookshelf in the living room, the decorative rocks in the front yard, and the ladder for the slide at the park. Each of these opportunities is _____ for climbing.


A) suitable
B) habituating
C) an affordance
D) a motivator

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Describe the five stages of spoken language development from 12 to 24 months of age.

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12 months: First spoken words that are r...

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Piaget's theory has been criticized for being based on too large of a sample.

A) True
B) False

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The fact that 3-month-olds do not spontaneously remember a kicking strategy that they learned two weeks earlier suggests that _____.


A) 3 months
B) 5 months
C) 7 months
D) 9 months

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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At approximately what age will a child begin to utter his or her first two-word sentences?


A) 10-11 months
B) 12-14 months
C) 16-18 months
D) 18-24 months

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Research on infants' long-term memory has shown that infants can remember if the researchers _____.


A) use situations that are different from real life
B) do not let the baby move during the memory event
C) use highly emotional events
D) use special measures to aid memory retrieval, such as reminder sessions

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Tony is 8 months old, and he settles down quickly and listens raptly while his mom sings "The Itsy Bitsy Spider." What factor accounts for Tony's interest in this nursery rhyme?


A) He remembers the story and loves how it ends.
B) He doesn't remember the story, so the end is always exciting.
C) He loves the rhymes and repetition.
D) He loves the simple plot line.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Habituation research has revealed that babies are more advanced than Piaget believed.

A) True
B) False

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Baby Hugh enjoys playing with his dad's keys, but when his dad takes them away, Hugh does not search for them. Piaget would say that this is because Hugh does not understand _____.


A) conservation
B) object permanence
C) egocentrism
D) affordances

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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